SSTI Digest

To spur job creation in Ontario, the provincial government recently announced two initiatives focusing on innovation and regional economic growth -- the new Fuel Cell Innovation Program and the newly refocused Northern Ontario Heritage Fund Corporation (NOHFC).

By investing $3 million annually through 2008 into hydrogen fuel cell R&D, the Ontario Fuel Cell Innovation Program will strive to make alternative energy technologies that can be fully commercialized in Ontario and marketed globally. The program's approach will be two-pronged: linking small and medium-sized businesses in Ontario with researchers, business expertise and venture capital; and, encouraging the development, deployment and adoption of fuel cell technologies for new and existing manufacturing and commercial application.

Just what makes firms productive? Economists continue to refine their thinking on the interactions that enhance productivity. Knowledge capital and knowledge relatedness play an active role in increasing firm competitiveness, especially in large, high-tech manufacturing sectors, according to a study presented at a recent conference of the Groupe de Recherche en Economie.

In Knowledge and Productivity in the World's Largest Manufacturing Corporations, Lionel Nesta of the University of Sussex studies the productivity and technology relatedness of the world's top manufacturing companies. Nesta correlates patent and financial data from international sources for more than 150 multinational companies. He then refines and tests these data using different econometric models. Since Nesta's study uses data related mostly to the most research-intensive sectors, the findings relate mostly to large, technologically advanced firms.

Money is following the jobs and excitement that represents China's economy these days according to an annual survey of equity investments in China mainland businesses. Compiled by Chinese venture capital (VC) research and consulting firm Zero2IPO, the fourth annual survey found 60 firms made 253 investments totalling $1.269 billion (US) in China mainland or mainland-related enterprises in 2004.

The rapid growth in the world's fascination with all things Chinese also is evident by the number of deals increasing more than 43 percent over last year. The survey results mark the first time the total has surpassed $1 billion, with total funds increasing by 28 percent over the prior year.

It may not be getting much attention from the White House or Congress, but encouraging innovation and technology-based economic development through coordinated national strategies and initiatives is very much on the legislative agenda of many other countries around the world. Recent highlights from the past few weeks include (all dollar figures are for U.S. equivalencies):

To increase the commercial value and economic benefits of federal investments in scientific research, the National Research Council of Canada (NRC) is launching six new research and innovation facilities valued at over $125 million.

Minister of Industry David Emerson said the new facilities will be directed toward turning Canada’s investments in research into more products, services, high quality jobs, and increasingly productive and competitive businesses. Facility sites are located in Vancouver, Winnipeg, Ottawa, Ville Saguenay, Fredericton and Charlottetown.

Each facility was designed to meet specific needs as defined by the local research infrastructure and the regional technology cluster, according to NRC. The facilities, scheduled to open on various dates throughout November, will focus on the following technology sectors:

Last year, China replaced the U.S. as the most popular destination for foreign direct investment (FDI). The creation of an IBM Research Innovation Center as an extension of its China Research Lab near Beijing University provides a recent example of U.S. interest in capitalizing on China's emergence as the planet's hottest economy.

As the world's most populous nation looks beyond providing cheap labor for manufacturers, a recent working paper suggests three regions of China are particularly well suited to support the growth of an innovation-based economy.

Finland remains the most competitive economy in the world and tops the rankings for the second consecutive year in The Global Competitiveness Report 2004-2005, released earlier this month by the World Economic Forum (WEF). The U.S. is in second position, followed by Sweden, Taiwan, Denmark and Norway, respectively.

The rankings are drawn from the results of the Executive Opinion Survey, a comprehensive survey conducted by WEF that polled more than 8,700 business leaders in 104 economies worldwide. The survey questionnaire is designed to capture those factors affecting an economy’s business environment that are key determinants of sustained economic growth. Particular attention is placed on elements of the macroeconomic environment, the quality of public institutions underpinning the development process, and the level of technological readiness and innovation.

In order to provide further incentives for crucial research and development (R&D) and to encourage more industries to carry out R&D in Scotland, Scottish Enterprise, the economic development agency for Scotland has launched a new funding scheme.

R&D PLUS offers a tax credit of up to 25 percent of eligible program costs for large companies meeting specific criteria. The companies must be able to demonstrate the economic rationale for assistance includes long-term capacity building and sustainability to improve a company’s competitiveness through R&D, according to the Scottish Enterprise. The Enterprise cited figures from the Scottish government, which reported that expenditure on R&D in Scotland increased by 62 percent in real terms between 1995-2001.

Seekers for evidence of the increasingly global nature of competition on the research and innovation levels need look no further than some recent announcements stemming from Malaysia. As part of its 2005 budget plan, the Malaysian government aims to create a new matching grant program for private R&D in January, triple financial support for its Small and Medium-sized Industry Fund, encourage government-linked companies to investment up to 10 percent of profits into research efforts over the next five years, and increase government support for research through the Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovations.

The economic development component of the Ninth Malaysian Plan, introduced by Prime Minister Dato’ Seri Abdullah Ahmad Badawi on Sept. 10, outlines several significant investments and initiatives. Highlights include:

China is focusing on the newest and most promising areas of technology to expand economic growth through the development of high-tech industries, suggests a new report released by the nation's government. The report, 2004 Guidelines for Priority on Key Technology Areas, indicates China will channel investments to 134 key sectors and promote exports, according to an article in The Scientist.

Key areas include biotechnology and new medicines, new materials, information technology, environmental protection, aeronautics, astronautics, and agriculture. The report was created with input from 200 experts in domestic and international high-tech trends, the National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC), and the Ministry of Commerce, the article states.

If you consider North America's public investment to encourage economic growth through science and technology at the state or provincial government level, Ontario should be in your top 10. And the recent injection of $63 million for technology commercialization might have bumped the province of 12 million residents up a place or two.

Late last month, the Ontario provincial government outlined a four-year commercialization plan to link public research institutions with companies that can move the research out of the lab and into the market. Universities, colleges and hospitals will receive $27 million to help them identify promising research and make them investor-ready; and institutions will receive an additional $36 million to establish pools of seed capital to commercialize the best ideas. The goal is to create more spin-off companies and accelerate the growth of small- and medium-sized enterprises and leading-edge jobs.

Science Spending to Rise £1B Over Next 3 Years Alone

"..because we want Britain to be the most attractive location in the world for science and innovation, we are setting a new and ambitious target of increasing UK R&D investment as a proportion of national income from its current level of 1.9 percent to 2.5 percent by 2014 over the next decade."

The quote is from the first page of the United Kingdom's new Science & Innovation Investment Framework: 2004-2014, which lays out a specific and ambitious commitment to strengthening the nation's position as both a center for knowledge creation and as a world leader in technology commercialization.