Distributive Implications of Patents on Indivisible Goods
According to the authors, patents raise the price and reduce consumption of the patented good, but the resulting deadweight loss is thought to be worth bearing when patent protection is required as an incentive to invention. The newly-invented good generates a residual surplus, making people better off than they would be if the good had not been invented.
Link
http://www.econ.queensu.ca/working_papers/papers/qed_wp_1018.pdf