SSTI Digest

Today, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) voted to classify broadband as a public utility. Once rules have been put in place this summer, providers will no longer be able to selectively block access to legal content, throttle access based on content or services or offer paid prioritization of traffic. In addition, the FCC also voted to preempt state laws that impair the deployment of community broadband providers. Municipalities and other groups will be able to offer affordable broadband and wireless data options in underserved communities. Read the announcement...

The Signature Report, an annual report on college completion conducted by researchers at the National Student Clearinghouse Research Center and Indiana University’s Project on Academic Success, identifies six-year student success outcomes and college completion rates by state for the cohort that began post-secondary education in fall 2008. Unlike typical measures of graduation rates that fail to include completions that happen at institutions other than the starting institution, which heavily (and negatively) impact the non-persistence rate for students who started at four-year public institutions for each state, this report factors in these transfers. Furthermore, by segmenting in areas such as type of institution (public, private, two-year, four-year), enrollment intensity (full-time, part-time, mixed), age at first entry, and gender, the report is able to capture even more insights not collected by traditional studies of educational outcomes.

Although every state delivers tax incentives for economic development, there are numerous inconsistencies in how these incentives are evaluated. Based on best practices developed by 10 states and the District of Columbia that passed legislation requiring regular evaluation of economic development tax credits from 2012 to 2014, researchers at The Pew Charitable Trust developed a framework for states hoping to improve the accountability and performance of tax incentives in a new policy brief. Ultimately, the brief recommends three steps:

The National Science Foundation (NSF) was appropriated $7.2 billion in FY14 (not including mandatory accounts) of which over $6.8 billion (nearly 95 percent of NSF’s total appropriations) was used to support research and education awards. Over 1,800 institutions of higher education and other organizations received funding from NSF including 11,000 competitively reviewed awards according to a report released by the NSF.  Other highlights include:

The Financial Solutions Lab – a $30 million, five-year initiative managed by the Center for Financial Services Innovation (CFSI) with founding partner JPMorgan Chase & Co. – released its funding competition focused on tech-enabled financial solutions for managing household budgets. This is the Financial Solutions Lab’s first competition in a series of challenges to identify, test, and expand the availability of promising technologies and tools that help Americans increase savings, improve credit, and build assets. An anticipated eight awardees will receive up to $250,000 each in capital and technical assistance, including national partnership opportunities, industry expertise, mentorship, and cutting-edge consumer and design insights necessary to build the next generation of leading financial services organizations. The Financial Solutions Lab will accept applications until April 7, 2015.

The Blackstone Charitable Foundation announced last week that it has awarded a combined $3 million in grants to 20 non-profit organizations around the world dedicated to strengthening entrepreneurial ecosystems and supporting high growth entrepreneurs. Now in the third year of its five-year, $50 million Entrepreneurship Initiative, this year’s funding was granted to 14 new organizations and six organizations from last year’s pool of winners. Grants from the foundation work toward helping organizations pilot, expand, or replicate programs that help catalyze growth of companies, industries, and communities. In total, more than 550 organizations submitted proposals to the foundation. Read more about the 20 grant recipients here.

Year One Recipients...

This week, governors in Connecticut, Illinois, New Hampshire, and Texas revealed their budget proposals, with commonalities around STEM education, workforce development, and university research initiatives. Governors in two states, New Hampshire and Texas, made growth in the innovation economy a specific priority area of their proposed budgets.

Despite having a higher rate of educational attainment than any previous generation, U.S. millennials (between 16-34 years of age) ranked lower than most of their international peers in literacy, mathematics and technology problem solving in a recent study by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) and the Educational Testing Service (ETS). Those born in the U.S. after 1980 tied for last among the 22 participating countries in numeracy and technology skills, and 16th in literacy. Top scoring Americans in this cohort ranked lower than their peers in most other countries, and bottom-scoring Americans ranked among the lowest in the whole study. Read America's Skills Challenge: Millennials and the Future...

Less than two months into 2015, Massachusetts and potentially Arizona will join the growing number of states that have adopted intrastate crowdfunding exemptions – one of the emerging trends in economic development from 2014.  In January, the Massachusetts Securities Division adopted a crowdfunding exemption that will allow businesses to raise up to $2 million in equity from both accredited and non-accredited investors.  A similar exemption was introduced in early February to both the Arizona state Senate and House with strong bipartisan support and the approval of several key business leaders and organizations. Minnesota (SF 138) and Colorado also have recently proposed or introduced intrastate crowdfunding legislation.

Over the past decade stem cell research has been touted as a game-changer in the life sciences and a potential fount of new biomedical innovations. As a result, several states have launched targeted programs to support stem cell research, despite the controversy that tends to surround the field. New research suggests that these programs have been effective at increasing the output of researchers in their respective states. State investments in California and Connecticut have helped researchers outperform their colleagues around the country, according to a recent paper published in Cell Stem Cell. Programs in New York and Maryland did not have quite the same impact, but helped research output in those states keep pace with other states.

Underrepresented minorities' share of  Science and Engineering (S&E) bachelor's and master's degrees has been rising since 1993, but their share of doctorates in these fields has flattened at about 7 percent from 2002 to 2012, according to the National Science Foundation’s (NSF) Women, Minorities, and Persons with Disabilities in Science and Engineering: 2015 report. Over the same time frame, NSF researchers found the proportion of women in biosciences and social sciences has increased to between 49 percent and 58 percent, depending on the field and degree level. The bi-yearly digest provides statistical information up to 2012 about the participation of these women, minorities, and persons with disabilities  in S&E education and employment organized into topical areas—enrollment, field of degree, occupation, employment status, and academic employment.

One of the few surveys based on the international collection of primary data on individual entrepreneurial activities, the sixteenth annual Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) report was released earlier this month at the annual GEM meeting in Monterrey, Mexico. Across 73 economies representing 72.4 percent of the world’s population and 90 percent of the world’s GDP, more than 206,000 individuals were surveyed for the 2014 report. The sheer scope and size of the report leads to many findings regarding the current state of global entrepreneurship, including: