intellectual property

The objective of the report is to review what economists have said about incentive schemes to promote research and development, including intellectual property. While the authors focus on environments in which other forms of protection are not available, they also note that other protections can obviate the need for any formal reward system.

Competition in high technology is increasingly based on rapid innovation. Some suggest innovation is faster in firms with many related organizations located nearby. Others propose relationships with customers and suppliers as key factors in rapid innovation. They authors attempt to differentiate between these hypotheses. They find that local amenities determine firm location, but not innovation speed. Instead relationships with suppliers and customers are the main determinants of innovation speed.

This paper analyzes stock market effects of individual biotechnology patent awards. The author performs an event study on more than 600 patents awarded primarily to 20 leading biotechnology firms and finds significant changes in market values at the time of the awards. Adjusting for partial anticipation of events, the author estimates that core technology patents in highly contested research areas are expected to generate between $13 and $21 million of economic value.

This paper sets out the economic case for the effectiveness of open, collaborative research, and the forces behind the recent, countervailing rush to strengthen and expand the scope of intellectual property rights protection.

The paper sets out the economic case for the effectiveness of open, collaborative research, and the forces behind the recent, countervailing rush to strengthen and expand the scope of intellectual property rights protection.

This document is a survey of issues and best practices pertaining to university intellectual property and technology transfer management. The purpose of this document is to effectively communicate an understanding of the main issues concerning university IP management and to provide a means of comparing the ways leading institutions have addressed these issues.

The paper empirically examines patents for financial formulas and methods, whose patentability was recently confirmed in the litigation between State Street Bank and Trust and Signature Financial Group. Patent filings by academics have been very infrequent, which appears to be a consequence of a lack of awareness or interest on the part of faculty members, rather than any fundamental unsuitability of their research for patenting

In discussing online piracy, specifically in the case of Napster, the author contends that The New Economy can only work if effective laws are in place to ensure fairness and predictability, especially regarding intellectual property.

The author describes a patent thicket as an overlapping set of patent rights requiring that those seeking to commercialize new technology obtain licenses from multiple patentees. Industries such as semiconductors, biotechnology, computer software and the Internet are creating the thicket, the author contends.

This paper outlines some of the early history of patent institutions in the US. The patent system has been from the very start, and remains, in a state of continual evolution, and has undergone a number of fundamental modifications.