intellectual property

The paper seeks to understand the impact of the patent system on innovation by examining shifts in the strength of patent protection across sixty countries and a 150-year period. An examination of 177 policy changes reveals that changes in protection has a much greater effect on patenting by foreigners than on domestic entities. The author addresses concerns about the endogenously of these changes by employing an instrumental variable approach.

This paper explores changes in university patenting behavior between 1965 and 1988. The authors show that university patents have increased 15-fold while real university research spending almost tripled.

The paper presents a statistical overview of Canadian universities research and development activities and commercialization efforts. Per the report, Canadian universities play a major role in creating knowledge and promoting the diffusion of technology.

This report presents the numbers of patents granted to residents of each state, county, and metropolitan area of the U.S. The patent data used to prepare this report were derived from the USPTO’s Technology Assessment and Forecast database.

The analysis is intended to aid the understanding of the critical role that science and technology play in ensuring the economic competitiveness of the United States. The report also analyzes the competitiveness of the research enterprises of the U.S., the European Union as a group, and 14 other countries, using key indicators generated from utility invention patents granted under the U.S. patent system.

The paper examines several recent avenues of empirical research into the enforcement of intellectual property rights. To frame these issues, the authors start with a stylized model of the patent litigation process. The bulk of the paper is devoted to linking the empirical literature on patent litigation to the parameters of the model.

The paper discusses and illustrates the major intellectual property issues that arise when participating in a national research project in Japan. Three major points regarding foreign participation in Japanese national research projects are addressed as well.