SSTI Digest

Federal innovation and entrepreneurship initiatives would receive substantial new funding under the text of the omnibus spending bill shared on the morning of Dec. 20 by the Senate Committee on Appropriations. The legislation, which totals $1.7 trillion and covers both regular FY 2023 appropriations and supplement funding, provides a total of $1.8 billion for programs authorized by this year’s CHIPS and Science Act and increases funding for multiple long-standing efforts — including each of the SSTI Innovation Advocacy Council’s priority programs. The legislation is expected to pass Congress this week, before the current funding agreement expires on Dec. 23.

The SSTI Innovation Advocacy Council asked Congress for additional funding in FY 2023 for Regional Technology and Innovation Hubs (following its authorization in the CHIPS and Science Act), Build to Scale, FAST and Regional Innovation Clusters. The omnibus bill includes new or increased funding for each of the Council’s priority programs.

In a hearing this week, lawmakers expressed bipartisan support for EDA’s innovation programs and for providing appropriations for the newly-authorized Regional Innovation and Technology Hubs. On Dec. 14, the House Subcommittee on Research and Technology held a hearing on “Building Regional Innovation Economies.” This panel, convened by subcommittee Chairwoman Haley Stevens, emphasized the Economic Development Administration’s Build to Scale, Build Back Better Regional Challenge and newly-authorized Regional Technology and Innovation Hubs (Tech Hubs) programs. The witnesses, who included EDA administrator Alejandra Y. Castillo, spoke to the significant and positive impact EDA funding has had for local economies.

A recent report outlines over 100 initiatives that could boost the semiconductor industry. The Arizona Commerce Authority and Boston Consulting Group recently collaborated on a National Semiconductor Economic Roadmap (NSER) to advance semiconductor competitiveness in the United States. The report features input from over 80 industry leaders, education institutions, and public sector leaders across the nation to outline a 10-year, industry-led action plan for the semiconductor industry, focusing on infrastructure, supply chain, workforce, and entrepreneurship.

A recently released International Energy Agency (IEA) report states that renewables are set to account for over 90% of global electricity expansion over the next five years, with China retaining a 75-90% share in global renewable manufacturing capacity. China has released its 14th 5-year plan and is expected to account for almost half of the new global renewable power capacity additions over the 2022-2027 period. Meanwhile, the US Inflation Reduction Act has provided new support and long-term visibility for the expansion of renewables in the United States.

In an effort to help rural citizens retain their resources and wealth, the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) Secretary Tom Vilsack announced the investment of $981 million to help create new and better market opportunities  expanding essential services for rural people, businesses and entrepreneurs in 47 states, Guam and the Virgin Islands.

In addition to last week’s Digest story on all state expenditures, the National Association of State Budget Officers’ (NASBO) 2022 State Expenditures Report detailed information on higher education expenditures, finding a 9.4% increase (from $225 to $247 billion) in total higher education expenditures over the past fiscal year, a sizable increase from the 1.7% increase experienced from FY 2020 to 2021. State funds for higher education increased 9.3% and federal funds saw an increase of 12.1%. This represents a large growth in state fund spending (from -0.3% in FY 2021), yet a decrease in momentum for federal fund spending (from 15% in FY 2022).

Recognizing that innovation ecosystems require broad networks of partners working together and knowing that many institutions of higher education (IHEs) lack the research capacity to be able to participate in external partnerships, the NSF Directorate for Technology, Innovation and Partnerships invites proposals from Minority-Serving Institutions (MSIs), Predominantly Undergraduate Institutions (PUIs), and two-year institutions with limited or no research capacity to apply for the support necessary to become equitable partners with teams competing under the current and subsequent NSF Engines program funding opportunities.

The recently announced solicitation, Enabling Partnerships to Increase Innovation Capacity (EPIIC), anticipates awards of up to $400,000 per awardee institution from a pool of $20 million, to provide the opportunities for these institutions to participate in one or more aspects of an emerging innovation ecosystem, spanning workforce development, use-inspired research, and the translation of research to practice through the creation of new or expanded partnerships.

The goals of awards made under this solicitation are to enable awardees to:

Since the widespread usage of the internet in the 1990s, the question of who has access to broadband and the definition of high-speed internet has bedeviled federal, state and local officials.  Attempts to map which addresses have access to high-speed service date back at least 20 years. The latest iteration, a new national broadband map released by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) will be used to ensure that the $42.45 billion federal investment from the Bipartisan Infrastructure Law’s Broadband Equity, Access, and Deployment (BEAD) Program makes its way to the areas most in need of broadband service when it is allocated to states on June 30. With challenges to the map due by Jan. 13, SSTI urges state and local policymakers to take a close look at the map and encourage your residents to provide feedback on the map.

Earlier this week, the U.S. Department of the Treasury announced the approval of seven additional states’ programs for State Small Business Credit Initiative (SSBCI) funding, totaling over $1.6 billion: Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Louisiana, North Dakota, Oklahoma and Virginia. A short summary of these states’ plans, all of which include investment capital, are available below:

The National Association of State Budget Officers’ (NASBO) 2022 State Expenditures Report found total state spending to have grown an estimated 7.3% between fiscal years (FY) 2021 and 2022 ($2.66 to $2.86 trillion), 1.5 percentage points higher than the 36-year average growth of 5.8% per annum. This increase in state spending can be largely attributed to an 18.1% surge in general fund spending from FY 2021 to 2022 (following an increase of just 2.2% from FY 2020 to 2021) — the highest rate in the 36-year history of NASBO’s State Expenditure Report history. State spending from outside of the general fund (including bonds) also increased by 5.2% (to $725 billion), while state expenditures from federal funds declined by 0.2% (to $1.08 trillion).

State general fund spending increased in all program areas, ranging from a 0.1% growth in public assistance to a 245.8% growth in transportation.

State government agencies’ expenditures for research and development totaled nearly $2.5 billion in FY 2021, an increase of 1.1% from FY 2020, but far below the year-over-year inflation of 6.4% when measured in February 2022. The findings on state R&D were recently reported by the National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics (NCSES). The sluggish state spending was exacerbated by real decline in extramural share of federal R&D spending in FY 2021. Intramural R&D by feds grew from 30.7% of total in FY 2020 to 35.8 percent in FY 2021 (see https://ncses.nsf.gov/pubs/nsf22323).

A working paper published in the National Bureau of Economic Research asked the question, “Do large firms produce more valuable inventions, and if so, why?” An excerpt of an analysis of the paper that appeared in the November 2022 issue of the NBER Digest follows with additional consideration from SSTI Vice President Mark Skinner on its implications for technology-based economic development.