Manufacturing firms come in all shapes and sizes. Little ones. Big ones. Ones that need more labor from their employees to assemble components. Ones that need more R&D from their employees to design products.
Last week’s release by the National Science Foundation (NSF) of the results of the 2005 survey of academic R&D expenditures reveals the nation’s investment in research through its universities and colleges rose 5.8 percent in fiscal year 2005. Academic research expenditures for FY 2005 totaled $45.75 billion.
For those interested in technology-based economic development, you'll be hard-pressed to find any good news in the President's Budget Request for FY 2006 unless, that is, you're hoping to go to Mars or heavily involved in homeland security. It's become a matter of routine to expect bad news when the federal budget comes out.
Strengthening America's Communities Grants Program The Strengthening America's Communities Grants Program is a new $3.7 billion initiative proposed within the Department of Commerce to provide performance-based grants for both community and economic development.
Opportunity Zones - While the Administration's FY06 budget request proposes eliminating all other geographically-based tax credit programs (e.g. Enterprise Zones), it is requesting $10 billion over 10 years in tax incentives to competitively select 28 urban and 12 rural economic Opportunity Zones in areas transitioning to new and emerging industries.
Taking one of the largest percentage cuts of all agencies, the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) FY 2006 discretionary budget level of $19.4 billion calls for an 11.8 percent reduction, or $2.6 billion below the FY 2005 level.
The Administration's FY 2006 $9.4 billion discretionary budget request for the Department of Commerce reflects a 48 percent increase above FY 2005 estimated expenditures of $6.33 billion. If one excludes the proposed $3.71 billion Strengthening America's Communities Grant Program (see description under Multi-Agency Initiatives above), the agency is actually facing a 5.6 percent cut of more than $357 million.
The Administration's FY 2006 budget request for the Department of Defense (DoD) totals $419.3 billion, an increase of 4.8 percent from the FY 2005 appropriation level. However, the budget proposes significant cuts for Defense science and technology (S&T). The FY06 budget provides $10.5 billion for S&T, a 19.5 percent decrease from the FY05 funding level of $13.1 billion. This includes cuts in basic research, applied research and advanced technology development.
The Administration’s FY 2006 budget request for the Department of Education (ED) is $56 billion, a 0.9 percent decrease ($529.6 million) from the FY 2005 appropriation.
The Administration's FY 2006 budget request for the Department of Energy (DOE) is $23.4 billion, or $475.4 million (2 percent) less than the FY 2005 request. The decrease is largely absorbed by DOE's Environment budget which, at $7.34 billion, reflects a 6.4 percent decrease over FY05.
The $642 billion FY 2006 budget for the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) reflects an increase of $58 billion over FY 2005, most of which occurs in mandatory spending programs such as Medicare. Discretionary portions of the HHS FY06 budget total $67.2 billion, a decrease of 1 percent from FY05.
The FY 2006 discretionary budget request for the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) is $34.15 billion, 6.6 percent above the comparable enacted FY 2005 appropriation. In FY06, DHS seeks to consolidate the research, development, test and evaluation (RDT&E) activities within the DHS Science and Technology (S&T) Directorate.
Big H, little u, little d may provide the most apt description of the priorities in the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) FY 2006 request, as cuts to the economic development programs are deep. Housing advocates may not entirely agree with that summation as the agency overall takes an 11 percent cut to total $28.51 billion for FY06; however, nearly every major initiative promoting economic development falls victim to the budget knife.
The total FY 2006 budget request for the Department of Interior, as reported in its Budget in Brief, is $14.958 billion, down 6.7 percent from FY 2005. The discretionary budget appropriation request is $10.76 billion, 1 percent less than FY05. There are two research-related items of potential interest:
The Administration's FY 2006 budget request of $59.5 billion for the Department of Transportation (DOT) is 1 percent higher than the FY 2005 appropriation. DOT's request would be distributed across the department's five key strategic objectives as follows:
The Department of Labor's (DOL) discretionary budget request of $11.5 billion for FY 2006 is 4.4 percent less than the FY 2005 appropriation. The agency's payroll, however, would increase by 169 full-time equivalent positions, according to the budget overview.
There are only a few programs in the Treasury Department that SSTI monitors for the tech-based economic development community. All are slated for termination or phaseout.
The Administration's FY 2006 budget request for the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is $7.6 billion, a 5.6 percent decrease from the FY 2005 appropriation. However, the agency's science and technology programs would receive $760.6 million, a 2.2 percent increase over the FY05 appropriation.
A $79 million increase is proposed for EPA homeland security efforts, including:
The Administration's FY 2006 budget request for the National Science Foundation (NSF) is $5.605 billion, a 2.4 percent increase above the FY05 appropriation level, but is still lower than the agency's FY04 appropriation of $5.652 billion.
There are three federally established regional commissions and authorities that are dedicated to improving the economic opportunities within specific geographic regions. Two - the Appalachian Regional Commission and the Delta Regional Authority - are dependent on annual appropriations and are looking at reductions in FY 2006. The Tennessee Valley Authority, the oldest and largest of the three, generates its budget primarily through power generation revenues.
The Administration's $593 million FY 2006 request for the Small Business Administration (SBA) represents a 3 percent decrease from the FY 2005 appropriation. Funding levels for selected activities identified as "core programs" in the agency's press release include:
Against the backdrop of BIO’s annual meeting, held this week in Boston, Gov. Deval Patrick unveiled a comprehensive, collaborative Massachusetts Life Science Strategy. The plan includes a 10-year, $1 billion investment package to support biomedical and stem cell research.
This year, the Florida Legislature focused a great deal of attention on TBED issues, approving and continuing its support for several tech-related programs. Though Gov. Charlie Crist's proposed $20 million investment in stem cell research did not survive the legislative session, initiatives designed to encourage other cutting-edge research, improve access to capital and attract promising companies garnered more than $400 million in the state budget.
Indiana's General Assembly adjourned for the year last week, after passing a $29 billion budget that included more than $100 million for TBED-related programs.
The 2007 Iowa state legislative session has looked very favorably on TBED. One of the centerpieces of Iowa Gov. Chet Culver’s campaign last year was his pledge to "develop the next-generation energy ecomony in Iowa" through a $100 million state fund (see the Feb. 19, 2007 issue of the SSTI Weekly Digest). The Iowa Power Fund was approved by the state’s General Assembly late last month and closely resembles Gov. Culver’s original plan.